منابع مشابه
Arithmetic of Congruence Monoids
Let N represent the positive integers. Let n ∈ N and Γ ⊆ N. Set Γn = {x ∈ N : ∃y ∈ Γ, x ≡ y (mod n)} ∪ {1}. If Γn is closed under multiplication, it is known as a congruence monoid or CM. A classical result of James and Niven [15] is that for each n, exactly one CM admits unique factorization into products of irreducibles, namely Γn = {x ∈ N : gcd(x, n) = 1}. In this paper, we examine additiona...
متن کاملFactorization Properties of Congruence Monoids
Let n ∈ N, Γ ⊆ N and define Γn = {x ∈ Zn | x ∈ Γ} the set of residues of elements of Γ modulo n. If Γn is multiplicatively closed we may define the following submonoid of the naturals: HΓn = {x ∈ N | x = γ, γ ∈ Γn}∪{1} known as a congruence monoid (CM). Unlike the naturals, many CMs enjoy the property of non-unique factorization into irreducibles. This opens the door to the study of arithmetic ...
متن کاملArithmetic Congruence Monoids: A Survey
We consider multiplicative monoids of the positive integers defined by a single congruence. If a and b are positive integers such that a≤ b and a2≡ a mod b, then such a monoid (known as an arithmetic congruence monoid or an ACM) can be described as Ma,b = (a+ bN0)∪{1}. In lectures on elementary number theory, Hilbert demonstrated to students the utility of the proof of the Fundamental Theorem o...
متن کاملCongruence Preserving Functions on Free Monoids
A function on an algebra is congruence preserving if, for any congruence, it maps congruent elements to congruent elements. We show that, on a free monoid generated by at least three letters, a function from the free monoid into itself is congruence preserving if and only if it is of the form x 7→ w0xw1 · · ·wn−1xwn for some finite sequence of words w0, . . . , wn. We generalize this result to ...
متن کاملAccepted Elasticity in Local Arithmetic Congruence Monoids
For certain a, b ∈ N, the Arithmetic Congruence Monoid M(a, b) is a multiplicatively closed subset of N given by {x ∈ N : x ≡ a (mod b)}∪{1}. An irreducible in this monoid is any element that cannot be factored into two elements, each greater than 1. Each monoid element (apart from 1) may be factored into irreducibles in at least one way. The elasticity of a monoid element (apart from 1) is the...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Acta Arithmetica
سال: 2004
ISSN: 0065-1036,1730-6264
DOI: 10.4064/aa112-3-4